Understanding the Connection Between Women’s Hormones and Depression
Published on September 23, 2024
Less than half of those reporting signs of depression seek treatment. Even so, five percent of the world’s population has been diagnosed with depression. Do the math, and you’ll easily recognize how dangerous and widespread this problem can be. To add to the issue, too many folks do not realize that women are at twice the risk of depression than men are.
Considering women do the bulk of domestic work and emotional labor, this should not be shocking. Then, of course, there is the factor of hormones. Unless such chemicals stay in balance, trouble is brewing. For women, this is a serious concern.
Define “Depression”
Before moving forward, let’s be clear about what “depression” means. It’s not about occasional inevitable sadness. Rather, it refers to Major Depressive Disorder — a diagnosable mental health condition that can be life-threatening. If you experience any of the following symptoms for more than two consecutive weeks, they could be red flags:
Severe bouts of sadness and crying spells
Feeling hopeless and worthless
Experiencing steady guilt and shame
Restlessness
Unexplained changes in appetite or weight
Unexplained fatigue
Sleeping more than usual
An inability to concentrate or focus
No longer interested in activities you once enjoyed
Thoughts of self-harm, death, or suicide
Regardless of the underlying causes, these signs are not to be ignored. However, if a woman is experiencing any of the above, there are plenty of reasons why a hormonal issue must be considered.
Understanding the Connection Between Women’s Hormones and Depression
The connection takes form at the point in life when the divide between the two sexes becomes more palpable. At puberty, hormones like testosterone, cortisol, insulin, and DHEA (dehydroepiandrosterone) can begin playing a role. However, the primary culprits typically are progesterone and estrogen.
Progesterone: Ideally, progesterone exists to keep you relaxed and feeling calm. But, for women and girls who have irregular periods and short cycles, low progesterone levels are not unusual. Among many outcomes, this can cause mood swings that serve as a precursor for depression.
Estrogen: It’s important to note that estrogen is designed to regulate a woman’s mood. This is accomplished through the healthy production of neurotransmitters like serotonin and dopamine. However, unless estrogen stays in balance, there can be a reduction of serotonin and dopamine. If so, it could be due to premenstrual syndrome. However, conditions like postpartum depression and premenstrual dysphoric disorder must be factored into the equation.
None of this is meant to offer a one-size-fits-all explanation. A woman’s risk of depression can arise from many factors — not just hormones. Thus, it’s wise to track your period and any related mood swings to help recognize if depression can be present or looming. Also, there are fewer measurable elements to keep in mind, e.g.:
Societal and cultural factors
Aging
Medication side effects
Sex-based discrimination (or violence)
A thorough assessment from an experienced therapist is an ideal starting point for parsing out this diversity of issues.
Where and How You Can Begin to Address Such Factors
For starters, don’t be one of the 60 percent or so who do not seek help when facing possible symptoms of depression. When self-harm and suicidal ideation are potential outcomes, this is not the time to brush off warnings. Talk to a mental professional. Ask your medical doctor about getting hormone-related tests done. Complement these steps with safe, natural self-care.
Each woman is different and, hence, must take into account the unique characteristics of their specific life. Therefore, it makes sense to connect with a therapist who can get you started on an important journey of learning and healing. I’d love to chat with you soon about depression counseling.